| Species or Resource Name | Legal Protection or Category | Threats or Status | Conservation Method/Programme | Key Locations in India | Community/Organization Involved |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tiger | Endangered species | Poaching for trade, shrinking habitat, depletion of prey base species, and growing human population | Project Tiger (1973), Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972 | Corbett (Uttarakhand), Sunderbans (West Bengal), Bandhavgarh (Madhya Pradesh), Sariska (Rajasthan), Manas (Assam), Periyar (Kerala) | Central and State Governments |
| Gharial | Critically Endangered | Population at its lowest since the 1970s; gravely threatened | Specific protection projects under Wildlife Protection Act | Girwa River, Katerniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary | Central Government |
| Black buck (chinkara) | Full or partial legal protection | Hunting and trade | Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act | Bishnoi villages, Rajasthan | Bishnoi community |
| Reserved Forests | Most valuable forest land; more than half of total forest area | Rapid decline in forestry | Permanent forest estates for timber and protection | Madhya Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Andhra Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Maharashtra | Forest Department |
| Protected Forests | One-third of total forest area; protected from further depletion | Depletion | Permanent forest estates | Bihar, Haryana, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Odisha, Rajasthan | Forest Department |
| Unclassed Forests | Other forests and wastelands | Not in source | Managed by both government and private individuals/communities | North-eastern states and parts of Gujarat | Local communities |
| Forest Habitat | Bhairodev Dakav ‘Sonchuri’ | Hunting and outside encroachments | Declaration of 1,200 hectares as sanctuary with community-led rules | Alwar district, Rajasthan | Inhabitants of five villages |
| Degraded forest land | Not in source | Environmental destruction | Joint Forest Management (JFM) | Odisha (first resolution) | Local (village) institutions and Forest Department |
| Indigenous tree species | Not in source | Deforestation | Chipko movement; community afforestation | Himalayas | Local communities |
| Mahua and Kadamba trees | Sacred Groves | Not in source | Nature worship; left untouched by local people | Chota Nagpur region | Mundas and Santhal tribes |
| Diversified Crops | Traditional crop varieties | Use of synthetic chemicals | Beej Bachao Andolan and Navdanya | Tehri | Farmers and citizen’s groups |
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