| Activity or Concept Name | Apparatus Used | Key Observations | Scientific Principle or Rule | Application or Conclusion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pattern of magnetic field around a straight conductor | Thick copper wire, cardboard, battery, rheostat, ammeter, iron filings, compass needle | Iron filings form concentric circles; reversing current reverses the direction of the compass needle deflection. | Right-Hand Thumb Rule (Maxwell’s corkscrew rule) | Magnetic field magnitude increases with current and decreases with distance; field direction is linked to current direction. |
| Magnetic field due to a circular loop | Circular coil/loop, rectangular cardboard, battery, rheostat, iron filings | Magnetic field lines appear as straight lines at the center of the loop. | Right-Hand Thumb Rule | Magnetic field strength at the center is proportional to the number of turns in the coil. |
| Magnetic field in a solenoid | Solenoid (coil of insulated copper wire), soft iron core | Field lines inside are parallel straight lines; one end acts as a North pole and the other as a South pole. | Electromagnetism | Used to create electromagnets by magnetizing magnetic materials placed inside the coil. |
| Force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field | Aluminium rod, horse-shoe magnet, stand, battery, rheostat | Rod is displaced when current flows; direction of displacement changes if current or magnet poles are reversed. | Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule | Conductors experience a force in a magnetic field; principle used in electric motors and loudspeakers. |
| Magnetic effect of current observation | Thick copper wire, electric circuit, small compass | The compass needle gets deflected when current passes through the wire. | Oersted's discovery | Electric current through a conductor produces a magnetic effect. |
| Mapping magnetic field lines around a bar magnet | Bar magnet, white paper, drawing board, iron filings, salt-sprinkler | Iron filings arrange themselves in a specific pattern of lines. | Magnetic Field | The region surrounding a magnet where its force can be detected is defined as the magnetic field. |
| Domestic safety measures (Earthing) | Earth wire (green insulation), metal plate, metallic-body appliances | Not in source | Safety Grounding | Provides a low-resistance path for leakage current to prevent severe electric shocks to users. |
| Domestic safety measures (Fusing) | Electric fuse, live wire, neutral wire | Fuse melts due to Joule heating when current exceeds a specific limit. | Joule heating | Prevents damage to appliances and circuits from overloading and short-circuiting. |
Welcome to our diverse and dynamic course catalog.
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